å - and alt-shift-a got Å - what the hell does that mean?!

It's used in Scandinavian languages, m-g, - and is pronounced as a long-drawn-out "O" sound - more like "oawww". In Copenhagen the sound is fairly clipped (although all Copenhagen Danish is pretty clipped, come to think of it) but on the mainland, in Jutland, it is really long-drawn; most of the very little Danish that I can pronounce was learned in Århus, in Jutland and my Copenhagen friends laughed fit to bust when I used the words over there - they immediately recognised it as Jutland pronunciation! (Apparently this has comic overtones, there.)

And if you want to know the key-strokes for all the strange symbols, go to "Character Map" (somewhere in "Accesories" usually, on M$ run PCs), which gives you the whole riange in all the fonts. Click on any of them, and a "key-stroke guide" appears down in the bottom right-hand corner.
E.g., Alt 0197 gives you Å in Times New Roman (and most other fonts!)