The local creoles in the West Indies often have names that are variations on 'creole' and 'patois': I think I've seen Kweyol and Patwa among others. But Patwa is spoken in the Lesser Antilles, where some of the islands (e.g. Dominica) were French at some point. As Jamaica was never French I'd be a little surprised at the name 'patois' being used there, but perhaps it is.

Jamaican Creole forms a continuum with Jamaican English. As you move through class, or situation, or into the cities you find more features of standard English. (This is called decreolization.)