I'm not clear on your question. If - as you describe - I'm listening to a speaker and will have my turn to speak in a moment, isn't that simply the normal course of events in a rhetorical conversation? If the speaker points out possible counter-arguments and addresses them before they are voiced, formal rhetoric calls that "anticipation," a form of "refutation."

"I don't know which is worse: ignorance or apathy. And, frankly, I don't care." - Anonymous