Is there a word that describes birds' wings that have individual finger-like projections of feathers at the ends, as seen on eagles and other birds of prey?
 I have heard them informally referred to as flanged.

FLIGHT FEATHERS: large stiff feathers on the end joint of a bird's wing. These outermost feathers are also commonly called "primaries."
wildlife

Here's a formal name for the feathers themselves: remiges.
remex

Main Entry: re·mex
Pronunciation: 'rE-"meks
Function: noun
Inflected Form(s): plural rem·i·ges /'re-m&-"jEz/
Etymology: New Latin remig-, remex, from Latin, oarsman, from remus oar + agere to drive -- more at ROW, AGENT
: a primary or secondary quill feather of the wing of a bird
M-W

Though you didn't ask--hawks (usually but not exclusively) can be one of two types: buteos and accipiters.
"Buteos are a diverse group of medium-to-large hawks that excel in the art of soaring. These are the keen-eyed wind masters, able to tease lift from temperature-troubled air and to soar for long periods on set wings. They are clipper ships of the skies."

The accipiters are quick, agile raptors of boreal forest, bayberry thicket, and backyard bird feeder. These are bird-catching hawks, "true hawks", in the meaning of the Latin word Accipiter. Evolution's push and pull has created here a group of birds designed to capture other birds in deep woods and thick growth.
From Hawks in Flight, by Pete Dunne, David Sibley and Clay Sutton; pages 7 and 53 respectively.