Hiya shoutgal, and welcome.

The OED has foresight in its sights from 1530:
Haue ther with Consyderacyon Be a forsyght and cleer inspeccyon.

It also charts foresightful from not much later, in Sidney’s Arcadia from 1580:
The foresightfull care he had of his silly successour.

Your question about it not getting much use is harder to answer: it is not marked as dead language, and they quote a New York source for a usage in 1889, so we can assume this authority still recognises it as valid currency.

Like eta said, it’s probably just the constraints of space required so Micro$loth can fit the code in for another animated paperclip or something *really useful of that kind…

fwiw, the similar usage 'insightful' would still be a commonplace.