Yeah, What Dr Bill said.. and other methods.
a non-porous stone, is 'painted' with a design in an waxy substance (take an old fashioned slate, and use a "grease pencil/china marker", for example) the water based ink coats stone, but doesn't stick to the waxing surface.. (the wax resists being coated by the water based ink)
put paper on the stone, and print out an image..where ever you marked the pencil, you will have a "blank' space"

(or you could carve an image into the stone(and now you want granite, or some other stone that can be engraved), cover the whole thing with wax, and then scrape it clean.. the carved images, (which are below the surface) will remain filled with wax... now, you have a print "master" the will not readily degrade-- since stone is durable surface..and the wax, protects the engraving..

the method Dr bill described, is often used on silk screens.. where you "develop" an image on the silk (the undevoloped parts remain porous, (and the ink gets pushed through the silk,) and the developed parts have a chemical coating that resist your efforts to push the ink through.)