Not medical, but mildly interesting, at least to me.
In a genealogy book, a man in about 1200 was convicted
of "misprision of knighthood". It took me quite a while
to figure out that this meant he got fined for trying to
avoid a tax on those holding that title, by concealing
the fact that he had been given the title.
From Brewer:
Misprision Concealment, neglect of. (French, mépris.)
Misprision of clerks. Mistakes in accounts arising from neglect.
Misprision of felony. Neglecting to reveal a felony when known.
Misprision of treason. Neglecting to disclose or purposely concealing a treasonable design.

From my dictionary:
misprision
n.
ME mesprision < OFr < pp. of mesprendre, to take wrongly < mes3, MIS31 + prendre < L prehendere, to take: see PREHENSILE6
1 a mistake, now especially one due to misreading, either deliberate or unintended, or to misunderstanding
2 scorn; contempt
3 Law
a) misconduct or neglect of duty, esp. by a public official b) act of contempt against a government or court