Hyponymy is the relation that holds, for instance, between scarlet and red, or between tulip and flower, in English; i.e., scarlet is a hyponym of, is included in, red.

and here's one we should know: a metonym is a word used in a transferred sense.

then there is paranym, a near-synonym. which itself became a metonym when a newspaper columnist began collecting what *he called ‘paranyms’ — words whose meaning is generally the opposite of that intended by the speaker, such as ‘provisional’ or ‘liberation’ or ‘rationalise’; the writer Brian Aldiss thereupon contributed an example he had found in the New Testament: ‘“ever~lasting life”; in other words “death”’.