I think the Staten - things come from the Staten-Generaal. (maybe when there was not a particular person to be honored, they just used parliament as a label)

Staten Island:
The first European who saw the island was Giovanni de Verrazano which in 1524 came along. Somewhat later Henry Hudson came on the island and founded a Dutch trading post. He named the island Staaten Eylandt, the Estates-General (Staten-Generaal),Dutch parliament.

So Staten, form Parliament.