>I can tell you that capitation is a word used in the medical insurance (and by extension, medical, since they are now firmly joined at the hip) field

In the UK, Health Insurance is not synonymous with healthcare (only a small percentage of people are insured) but the word capitation is used in health, as in education, to pay general practitioners (primary healthcare doctors) based on the number of patients on their roll.

Incidentally, this is how much the NHS thinks we're worth, per year:
Capitation Fees (March 1999 figures):
Patient under 65 years of age: £17.65;Patient between 65 and 75: £23.25; Patient over 75: £45.05