Ravi, Bhaskar, Surya, Aditya, Hiranyagarbha, Mitra
Surya is related to Greek helios, Latin sol, Gothic sauil. (Also from a slightly different root English sun.) Surya is a male god in the Rig Veda (oldest book of hymns written in Vedic Sanskrit) and is part of a triad of gods: Agni 'fire' (cf. Latin ignis) is associated with the earth, Indra is associated with the sky, and Surya with the sun.
Another name for the Sun in the Rigveda is Savitri 'stimulator, rouser, vivifier'. He is less concrete than Surya.
Ravi 'roarer' from the root ru, rauti, raviti 'to howl, roar, yelp, cry aloud'. Related to Latin raucus 'raucus, hoarse, screaming'.
Bhaskara 'shining, glittering, bright'. Literally bhas 'light, ray of light' + kara 'to make'. Cf. Greek phaino 'to shine', Old Irish ban 'white'.
Aditya 'belonging to or coming from Aditi'. Aditi 'boundless, unbroken; free, happy' < a- 'not, un-' + da 'to bind' dyati.
Hiranyagarbha 'golden foetus' actually said of Brahma since he was born of it. Hiranya is related to hari 'blond, golden yellow' and both English yellow (cf. German gelb) and gold. Garbha 'womb, uterus; foetus, embryo'; related Greek delphus 'womb'.
Mitra. Related to the Persian god Mithra who was popular in the Roman Empire and became of a favorite of the soldiers. There's a beautiful Mithraic temple in the basement of a London highrise office building. Also, the Vatican has a splendid collection of Mithraic statues. A title of Mithra was Sol Invictus 'unconquerable sun'. Mitra and Varuna (another Vedic god) are also mentioned in a Hittite manual on horse training which probably predates the Rig Veda's composition.
Many of these names are epithets of Surya the Sun god. Surya is also associated with the divine plant Soma from which was pressed an intoxicating, divine drink (a nectar of the gods). An entire mandala (chapter) of the Rig Veda is composed of Soma hymns. The Zoroastrians had a cognate word, Haoma.
