wildwinds,
fwiw, there are approx. 900 -ologys in OED2, discounting mob psychology and the like. none of these seem to have anything to do with dust (based on the reliability of the search engine).
[it would be fairly easy to list them all; not so easy to define them...]
p.s. - in addition to khamsin itself, there are several entries which mention it; e.g.,
Strong southerly winds are specially hot and unpleasant, and they are distinguished everywhere by local names such as sirocco, chili, khamsin. {from chili, An oppressive hot southerly wind which blows in Tunisia.}
Her steadfastly sunny outlook even in the middle of a ghibli (khamsin or sirocco, by any other name as blinding and painful). {from gibli, A local name in Libya for the sirocco.}
The Mediterranean area also is the home of a hot, searing, dust-laden wind off the Sahara, known in various localities as sirocco, khamsin, leveche, or samiel. {from leveche, A hot, dry, more or less southerly wind of south-eastern Spain, the local counterpart of the sirocco.}
...also sharav and simoom.
