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#103069 05/11/03 03:28 PM
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caitiff. Despicable and cowardly
Calabar bean. source of physiostigmine
calabash. Vine or tree, Gourd. Dish made from gourd
caladium. Like croton.
calamanco. A glossy woolen fabric with a checked pattern on one side.
calamander. Hard Asiatic wood.
calamari. Squid
calamite. Extinct ancestor of horsetails
calamondin. A Phillippine orange.
calamus. The sweet flag/rattan palm
calando. Gradually diminishing in tempo and volume.
calash. Carriage with low wheels and collapsible top.
calathus. Vase-shaped ancient Gr. Basket
calcanocubold .ligament Connects calcaneous and cuboid bones
calcar. A bone spur
calcarine sulcus. Occipital sulcus
calceiform. Slipper-shaped
calciferol. Vitamin D
calcifuge. Doesn’t grow well in lime.
calcicole. Does grow well in lime.
calcspar. calcite
calc tuff. spongy deposits at hot springs
calends. Day of new moon and first day of month (Roman)
calendula. Marigold family
calenture



#103070 05/12/03 04:44 AM
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calando -- to me has always meant "dying away" in the sense that the tempo slows and volume diminishes.


#103071 05/12/03 04:22 PM
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AHD3 says it's from Latin calare without bothering to say what calare means. A little digging seems to reveal that it means to call, to summons. How we get gradually diminishing in tempo and volume from that is beyond me.


#103072 05/13/03 07:25 AM
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what calare means?
A little digging seems to reveal that it means to call, to summons.

??? this meaning seems absolutely impossible to me, the correct meaning is indeed "gradually diminishing " not necessarily in tempo and volume, but in what ever you want.

A tipical use of it is " il calar del sole" = the sunset, referring to the fact that the sun is going down


#103073 05/13/03 11:55 AM
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this meaning seems absolutely impossible to me,

I'm as baffled as you are, Emanuela. Either there was a big meaning shift went on somewhere in the history of the Italian language or there is another calare that my sources aren't telling me about.


#103074 05/13/03 01:23 PM
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Dear emanuela: In browsing dictionary to see if I could find any words with same root as "calare" I ran across an old friend:

calamary
n.,
pl. 3mar#ies 5L calamarius, of a writing reed < calamus, a reed, pen: see CALAMUS6 a squid: so called from its pen-shaped skeleton
(not the squid which does not please my palate, the reed with which ancients wrote. And made what would would call
"typos" but they called "lapsus calami".


#103075 05/14/03 03:03 AM
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Further perusal of the AHD's etymology shows the Latin comes from the Greek khalan (in their transliteration), which in Latin would be transliterated as chalare, and hey presto:

http://makeashorterlink.com/?H2FE31E84

Latin chalo: to slacken, let down. No doubt emanuela can tell us when chalo would have mutated to become the form she is familiar with.

Bingley


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#103076 05/14/03 10:44 AM
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Good work, Bingley! The ch in Latin, was pronounced like our k.


#103077 05/14/03 12:35 PM
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no idea...


#103078 05/15/03 04:32 AM
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From the Oxford Companion to Music, by Percy A. Scholes:

Calando -- lowering. It implies diminuendo, with also rallentando.

-------------------

I think that is the dynamic marking at the end of Saint Saens' The Swan. It is much more common to see dim. et rall.


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rallentando is made on the root "lento"= slow.

In all these "gerundio", do you all English speakers feel the Latin-Italian meaning "while diminishing, while slowing..." (the meaning of the tense of the verbe, I mean)?


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